"Behavior Potential (BP), Expectancy (E) and Reinforcement Value (RV) can be combined into a predictive formula for behavior: BP = f(E & RV)"
This formula can be read as follows: behavior potential is a function of expectancy and reinforcement value. Or, in other words, the likelihood of a person's exhibiting a particular behavior is a function of the probability that that behavior will lead to a given outcome and the desirability of that outcome. If expectancy and reinforcement value are both high, then behavior potential will be high. If either expectancy or reinforcement value is low, then behavior potential will be lower. Again, one can see the importance of conceiving of personality as the interaction of the person and the environment.
Albert Bandura
I just realized this guy was the same guy who carried out the Stanford jail experiment! the one cancelled before time becuase the subject could not handle it! its good to have a glympse to the past. Bandura pioneered the study of observational learning.He believed that, rather than operating in a mechanistic way, reinforcement provides information about future reinforcement. Such information can be gleaned by watching models' behavior rather than by behaving in a particular way and experiencing the consequences oneself.
Martin Selligman
The phenomenon of learned helplessness bears much in common with depression in humans. Such people are hypothesized to be more predisposed to depression than people with an optimistic explanatory style, who explain negative events as unstable, specific, and external.
Aaron Beck
Albert Bandura
I just realized this guy was the same guy who carried out the Stanford jail experiment! the one cancelled before time becuase the subject could not handle it! its good to have a glympse to the past. Bandura pioneered the study of observational learning.He believed that, rather than operating in a mechanistic way, reinforcement provides information about future reinforcement. Such information can be gleaned by watching models' behavior rather than by behaving in a particular way and experiencing the consequences oneself.
Martin Selligman
The phenomenon of learned helplessness bears much in common with depression in humans. Such people are hypothesized to be more predisposed to depression than people with an optimistic explanatory style, who explain negative events as unstable, specific, and external.
Aaron Beck
Cognitive behavioral theorists suggest that depression results from maladaptive, faulty, or irrational cognitions taking the form of distorted thoughts and judgments. Depressive cognitions can be learned socially as is the case when children in a disfunctional family watch their parents fail to successfully cope with stressful experiences or traumatic events. Or, depressive cognitions can result from a lack of experiences that would facilitate the development of adaptive coping skills.
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